Author

This is likely the last of Paul’s writings. He was in prison for a second time, probably about three years after the imprisonment in Acts 28. It happened under Nero, so likely a year or two before 68 A.D. It is believed Paul died under Nero, amidst intense persecution.

History

Paul, accompanied by Luke, was in prison in Rome, having been deserted by some (1:15; 4:10), while others were away from him on duties (4:10-11). His death was imminent but the date was uncertain (4:6-8), so Paul requested a visit from Timothy, asking him to bring along some of his clothing and study materials so he could remain fruitful to the end (4:13).

The purpose of Paul’s letter, beyond announcing he was headed for certain death, was to call Timothy to persevere for the gospel's sake through affliction and in the face of Paul’s coming death.

Outline

This book can be outlined as four chapters focused on endurance. Paul’s call to:

• Endure for the Sake of the Gospel (1)

• Endure as a Leader (2)

• Endure Last-Day Godlessness (3)

• Endure to the End (4)